Methemoglobinemia Caused by Volatile Nitrites

Acute toxic methemoglobinemia caused by a topical anesthetic.

A case is presented in which respiratory distress resulted from the production of methemoglobin Following application of topical benzocaine to a child’s oral mucous membrane. Modern local anesthetics are among the safest of administered agents, with few reported cases of morbidity or mortality. The use of topically applied local anesthetic agents is important in the atraumatic administration of...

Methemoglobinemia caused by dapsone overdose: Which treatment is best?

Increase of methemoglobin level is named as methemoglobinemia characterized by functional anemia and tissue hypoxia. Methemoglobinemia can be congenital, but acquired form are more often caused by various drugs and toxins. Methylene blue is the most effective antidote for acquired methemoglobinemia. When methylene blue is not available, alternative treatments such as ascorbic acid and hyperbari...

[Report on a methemoglobin-associated fatality].

An autoerotic fatality due to mechanical compression of the neck by a sophisticated construction used for breath control games is reported. The presence of signs of methemoglobinemia as well as an empty "poppers" flask found beside the passed indicated the use of volatile nitrites to enhance sexual pleasure. It was assumed that vasodilatation had caused a sudden unconsciousness with consecutive...

Methemoglobinemia induced by chlorphenamidine.

A 76-year old farmer ingested 100 g of chlorphenamidine (Galectron), a plant acaricle, for the purpose of suicide. Gastric lavage was performed and the patient survived. Methemoglobinemia was noted after emergency treatment and was still present at 20 hours after ingestion of the compound. The patient was lethargic for at least 50 hours. Moderate neutrophilic leukocytosis and kidney injury were...

[Outbreak of methemoglobinemia in a premature nursery caused by poisoning with a dye for marking diapers].